鳳尾菇和裂褶菌原生質體非對稱融合研究

梁枝榮　 安沫平　 通占元

摘　要：具有雙重營養缺陷型的裂褶菌單核體突變菌株的原生質體經過滅活處理后作為供體與同樣帶有營養缺陷型標記的風尾菇單核體原生質體融合,得到大量生長速度和菌落形態差異較大的多核體和雙核體融合子.這些融合子主要顯示了供體菌株的特性,數次轉接后,有的融合子從多核體轉變成雙核體,有的融合子完全恢復了供體親本雙核體的遺傳特性,同時獲得了一些有意義值得繼續探討的新的生理特性,如菌絲體在木屑麩皮以及廢棉培養料上生長速度較快,在平板培養基和木屑培養料上均較早較快地形成原基和子實體等.結果表明原生質體非對稱融合是一種效率較高的融合方式,可以作為食用菌育種的一種有效途經.

關鍵詞：裂褶菌, 鳳尾菇, 非對稱融合, 滅活供體, 復活

分類號：Q932　文獻標識碼：A

文章編號：1007-3515 (2001)01-0111-0115

POLARIZED PROTOPLAST FUSION BETWEEN PLEUROTUS SAJOR-CAJU AND SCHIZOPHYLLUM COMMUNE

LIANG Zhi-Rong（Department of Rural Economy and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080）　

AN Mo-Ping（Hebei Agro-envirenmental Protection & Monitoring Station, Shijiazhuang, 050011）　

TONG Zhan-Yuan（Hebei Agro-envirenmental Protection & Monitoring Station, Shijiazhuang, 050011）　

Abstract：A large number of fusion products from polarized protoplast fusion between inactivated monokaryotic protoplasts of Schizophyllum commune and viable monokaryotic protoplasts of Pleurotus sajor-caju were produced. The preliminary study showed that the fusion products mainly carried the characteristics of donor parent instead of recipient parent. After several subcultures, some fusants produced clamp connections and microscopical observation confirmed there were twin nuclei in their mycelial cells. The result implied that the dead donor could re-emerge from the fusant and companed with the transformation from the monokaryon to dikaryon, as well as achieve some new characteristics such as mycelial growth fast and easier and earlier fruiting. The result also implied that polarized protoplast fusion seems to be a more efficient method to produce fusion products in strain improvement of edible fungi.

Keywords：Schizophyllum commune, Pleurotus sajor-caju, Polarized protoplast fusion, Dead donor, Re-emergence

作者單位：梁枝榮（中國科學院北京農村經濟技術發展部 北京 100080）　

　　　　　安沫平（河北省農業環境保護監測, 石家莊 050011）　

　　　　　通占元（河北省農業環境保護監測, 石家莊 050011）　

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