莊毅; 潘揚; 謝小梅; 張李陽
中國菌物學會、南京中醫藥大學藥用真菌研究中心; 江西中醫學院菌物藥研究中心; 南京曉莊學院藥用菌物研究所 南京210029; 江西中醫學院菌物藥研究中心; 南昌330029; 南京曉莊學院藥用菌物研究所; 南京210017; 南昌330029; 南京210017
【中文摘要】 筆者上世紀80年代末提出用藥用真菌發酵藥材的設想,實驗證實在農副產品構成的營養基質內摻入適量經特選的含有活性成分的中藥材作為藥性基質,致使發酵具有雙向性,其產物由藥用菌質(如槐耳菌質)轉為藥性菌質(如槐芪菌質○F),可以顯著增強其免疫活性,提高藥效與療效,這是現代“雙向發酵”工程的起源,此后因理論與技術發展,使它被認為是生物技術的新起點,中藥新藥研制的新途徑,各種菌質必將成為中藥內菌物藥的重要組成。較深入和更擴大的研究認為,它有增效、擴用、解毒持效等作用可發展為用中藥二次開發和獸藥領域。與其它有關生物技術比較,在現階段有一定的優勢與潛力。“雙向發酵”研發道路寬廣,前景良好,也還存在需要研究解決的問題,如怎樣以中醫藥理論指導構成發酵組合和對各種菌質的科學定性等,尤其需要從基質發酵為菌質的大規模生產的機械化、自動化設備。
【英文摘要】 In late of 1980’s, to develop the effect of anti-hepatitis of Huaier Granule, a new drug for anti-liver cancer, according to the principle that medicinal herbs can go moldy when contaminated with the miscellaneous airborne microorganisms, a new idea was put forward to use medicinal fungi to ferment medicinal herbs.It was proved that the solid fermentation has two purposes, when used a nutrient substance containing medicinal herbs with multiple active compositions rather than the one consists of only farming byproducts.The products formed by this fermentation were fungous substance containing herbs (Huaiqi fungous substance○F) which was produced by a medicinal fungous substance(e.g.Huaier fungous substance).Huaiqi fungous substance○Fwas approved to be able to strengthen the immunological effects.This is the origin of modern bi-directional solid fermentation engineering.Along with the theoretical and technical development of the engineering, it was considered as the new turning point of ...更多modern biological technology and the new channel of the new drug R & D of traditional Chinese medicine. After a series of studies, it was believed that the engineering compared with other relevant biological technology, has certain advantage and potential in present time. Medicinal fungous substances and fungous substances containing herbs are the modern products of the traditional Chinese herbs, and still belong to traditional Chinese herbs(e.g.Shenqu). There are many medicinal fungi with different enzyme systems and many ground substances containing herbs with different functions can be used for fermentation.The combinations of the fungi and the ground substances with different properties are numerous.Different kinds of fungous substances of the fermentation have different natures and effects, so the study has a far-reaching influence. The bi-directional fermentation can be applied widely, for instance, strengthening and maintaining the drug’s effects, widening the range of taking medication, detoxification of poisonous herbs, twice development of herbal wastes, application of veterinary treatment and so on. Problems such as applications of the TCM theory to guide the composition of bi-directional fermentation, scientific definition of the fungous substances and designs of automatic equipments for large-scale production of fungous substances still need to be solved. 還原
【中文關鍵詞】 雙向發酵; 營養基質/藥性基質/全性基質; 藥用菌質/藥性菌質; 無渣型/去渣型; 增效/持效/擴用/解毒; 二次開發
【英文關鍵詞】 Bi-directional fermentation; A nutrient ground substance; a medicinal ground substance; a medicinal and nutrient ground substances; A medicinal fungous substance; a fungous substance containing herbs; Discarding waste-type; no waste-type; Strengthening and maintaining the drug’s effects; widening the range of taking medication; detoxification of poisonous herbs; twice development of Chinese herbs
【文獻出處】 中國食用菌,Edible Fungi of China,編輯部郵箱,2007年02期 【DOI】CNKI:SUN:ZSYJ.0.2007-02-002