詹才新; 朱蘭寶; 楊新美
食用菌遺傳育種農業部部級重點實驗室; 華中農業大學植保系; 華中農業大學植保系 上海市農業科學院食用菌研究所 上海 201106 ; 武漢 430070 ; 武漢 430070

【中文摘要】 本文利用20個10核苷酸的隨機引物對來源不同而具有代表性的16個金針菇菌株進行了RAPD分析研究。結果表明:所測試的20個隨機引物中有6個引物的擴增產物DNA片斷表現出明顯的多態性,對所有供測試的金針菇菌株總共擴增出84條具重復性的DNA片斷;同時也顯示供試的16個金針菇菌株兩兩間的遺傳相似性變化較大(相似系數從0.0592到0.8000)。另外,采用系統聚類法中的類平均法,對供試的16個菌株兩兩間的相似系數進行聚類,可將它們分為四大類,各大類的類間和類內菌株的遺傳變異程度較大,其中以Ⅳ類內各菌株間的最高(平均相似系數為0.4353),Ⅰ類和Ⅱ類間各菌株間的最低(平均相似系數為0.6812)。但是,從整個被測試的16個金針菇菌株來看,它們之間的遺傳變異并不豐富(總平均相似系數為0.5292)。同時,將RAPD技術應用于不同菌株間遺傳差異的研究,具有反應迅速、不受外界環境條件影響、能從DNA分子水平上揭示菌株間的遺傳差異等優點。因此,RAPD分析技術是一種快速準確評估食用菌種質資源的有效方法。

【英文摘要】 In this paper, the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was conducted with 20 ten-nucleotide random primers in 16 representative strains of Flammulina velutipes collected from various localities. The results revealed that six out of the twenty random primers were scorable polymorphic ones. In total, eighty-four band positions were scored(l/0) for all of the tested strains. Meanwhile, genetic similarity between each of all the tested strains of Flammulina velutipes differed widely with the coefficient of similarity ranged from 0.0952 to 0.8000. On the other hand, cluster analysis based on the coefficient of genetic similarity between the tested strains of Flammulina velutipes was carried out by UPGMA and the 16 tested strains of Flammulina velutipes were subdivided into four groups. There were various degrees of genetic diversity between strains of intra-groups and inter-groups. And it was found that the degree of genetic diversity between strains of group IV with an average...更多 similarity coefficient of 0.4353 was the highest in all groups, and that the degree of genetic diversity between strains in group I and group n with an average similarity coefficient of 0.6812 was the lowest. However, in terms of all the strains tested the degree of genetic variability as a whole was not so significant because a total average similarity coefficient was only 0.5259. Meanwhile, the application of RAPD technique in studying genetic differences between various strains had a lot of advantages such as reacting fast, not being influenced by outer environment and showing genetic diversity among strains on the level of DNA molecule. Therefore, RAPD analysis technique might be ascribed as one of the most effective methods to evalute germplasm resources rapidly.  還原

【中文關鍵詞】 金針菇; RAPD分析; 遺傳相似性; 聚類分析; 種質資源
【英文關鍵詞】 Flammulina velutipes; Random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) analysis; Genetic similarity; Cluster analysis; Germplasm resource
【基金】農業部“八五攻關”的重點資助項目

【文獻出處】 食用菌學報,Acta Edulis Fungi,編輯部郵箱,1997年01期 【DOI】CNKI:SUN:SYJB.0.1997-01-000