吳躍開; 余金勇; 程紹傳; 朱秀娥
貴州省林業科學研究院; 貴州省林業科學研究院; 貴州省林業科學研究院; 貴州省林業科學研究院 貴州貴陽550011; 貴州貴陽550011; 貴州貴陽550011; 貴州貴陽550011

【中文摘要】 實地調查結果表明:野生綠菇每年6￣9月份大量出菇,其間林間土壤溫度為19￣24.5℃,含水量為54%￣68.5%,近地空氣溫度為20.5￣25.5℃,相對濕度61.5%￣94.5%。綠菇在8￣40年生的馬尾松林中都可大量出菇并正常地生長發育,林分結構通常以馬尾松為主,郁閉度50%￣80%,下層灌木為稀疏殼斗科植物,草本層為稀疏茅草或蕨類。土壤腐殖質及落葉層的厚度對子實體的發生影響不明顯,但土壤pH值一般要求在4.5￣6.4之間。綜合分析認為溫度、濕度、光照、土壤pH是影響綠菇子實體生長的4大關鍵因素。其它生境因子,如坡向,坡度,坡位等是通過影響這些關鍵因素而間接地影響綠菇子實體的分布及生長發育。

【英文摘要】 Russula virescens is a kind of edible ectomycorrhizal fungus.The study of its ecological characteristics is of great importance for the instruction of field collection,field management and field artificial production.The result showed that the mushrooms of Russula virescens occurred commonly from July to September,when the soil temperature is 1924.5,soil water content is 5468.5%,near ground temperature is 20.525.5℃,and the near ground humidity is 61.594.5%.The mushrooms could be found in different forests with different stand ages from 840 year,and as a suitable condition,the stand density were 5080%,shrub layer mainly consists of sparse plants of fagaceae,and the herbaceous layer mainly consists of sparse grasses and Pteridophytes(ferns).The soil humus and the litter layer have no significant influence on the occurrence of the mushroom,but a soil pH 4.56.4 is required.It is concluded by comprehensive analysis that the temperature,humidity,light,and soil pH are four determinant ...更多factors for the occurrence and development of mushrooms of Russula virescens.And the other factors such as slope,aspect,position which are indirect factors.They can make the influence on the growth of fruitbody by influencing determinant.  還原

【中文關鍵詞】 綠菇(Russula virescens); 生態學特性; 調查
【英文關鍵詞】 Russula virescens; Ecological characteristics; Investigation
【基金】貴州省科委基金項目:[黔基合計字(2000)3086號]

【文獻出處】 中國食用菌,Edible Fungi of China,編輯部郵箱,2006年05期 【DOI】CNKI:SUN:ZSYJ.0.2006-05-006